Nonequilibrium systems: hard disks and harmonic oscillators
near and far from equilibrium
William Graham Hoover
1, Carol Griswold Hoover
1
and Julien Clinton Sprott
2
1Ruby Valley Research Institute, Ruby Valley, NV, USA
2Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin -
Madison, Madison, WI, USA
Received 26 July 2015
Accepted 22 August 2015
ABSTRACT
We relate progress in statistical mechanics,
both at and far from equilibrium, to advances in the theory of
dynamical systems. We consider computer simulations of
time-reversible deterministic chaos in small systems with three-
and four-dimensional phase spaces. These models provide us with
a basis for understanding equilibration and thermodynamic
irreversibility in terms of Lyapunov instability, fractal
distributions and thermal constraints.
Ref: W. G. Hoover, C. G. Hoover, and J. C. Sprott, Molecular
Simulation